The question is, are the antibiotics used in livestock relevant to human health? In animal ag they rely mostly on sub-therepeutic doses of certain aminoglycosides that affect gram negative bacteria. They are not typically used in human treatment. Human treatment is done with beta-lactam-based antibiotics, or those like vancomycin that interrupt cell wall synthesis. This is an important consideration, because I’m not sure how relevant antibiotic use and resistance in livestock is to human health. Any thoughts?